Heat olive oil in a large skillet over medium-high heat
Add ground beef and onion
Cook until the beef is browned and the onion is softened, about 6-8 minutes
Drain excess grease
Stir in garlic, garlic powder, chili powder, salt, and pepper
In a 9x13-inch baking dish, combine the ground beef mixture, uncooked rice, cream of mushroom soup, tomato puree, beef broth, and 1 cup shredded cheddar cheese
Stir until evenly mixed
Cover tightly with aluminum foil
Bake for 45 minutes
Remove foil and check rice for tenderness. If needed, continue baking for 10-15 minutes
Sprinkle the remaining 1 cup of cheese over the casserole
Bake uncovered for 5 minutes until cheese is melted
Allow casserole to rest for 5 minutes before serving